-MECHANIZATION: the use of machinery in the production process.
-MINING: the process of extracting minerals from the ground.
-MINERAL: a naturally occurring solid chemical substance.
-FOSSIL FUELS: fuel that is formed by the decomposition of buried organic material, and exposure to heat and pressure, producing substances such as coal, oil and gas.
-INDUSTRY: any economic activity that produces a service or transforms raw material into consumer goods.
-IRRIGATED FARMING: is the artificial application of water to the land or soil.
-ENERGY: power that comes from the utilization of physical or chemical resources to provide light and heat or to work machines.
-BIOMASS: organic material used as a fuel that releases energy when burned.
-MANAGEMENT: the people that run a company and ensure that goods and services of a high enough quality are produced and sold at competitive prices.
-WORKFORCE: the employees required to produce goods and services.
-WIND TURBINE: a device that converts kinetic energy from the wind into mechanical energy to drive machinery or generate electricity.
-SOLAR PANEL: is a set of solar photovoltaic modules electrically connected and mounted on a supporting structure.
-RENEWABLE ENERGY: is generally defined as energy that comes from resources which are naturally replenished on a human time-scale such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves and geothermal heat.
-NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY: is a resource that does not renew itself at a sufficient rate for sustainable economic extraction in meaningful human time-frames.
-TRADITIONAL ENERGY: refers to the energy sources that are most commonly used.
-ALTERNATIVE ENERGY: is any energy source that is an alternative to fossil fuel. These alternatives are intended to address concerns about such fossil fuels.
-DAM: is a barrier that impounds water or underground streams.
-GUILD: is an association of artisans or merchants who control the practice of their craft in a particular town.
-HEAVY INDUSTRY: It can mean production of products which are either heavy in weight or in the processes leading to their production.
-LIGHT INDUSTRY: is usually less capital intensive than heavy industry.
-CUTTING-EDGE INDUSTRIES: industries that employ advanced technology.
-CRAFTSPERSONS: a person who makes products using basic tools and manual labour.
