GLOSSARY UNIT 7 GEOGRAPHY

-PLOT: a small piece of land that is intended for a particular purpose.

-SOIL: the material on the surface of the ground in which plants grow.

-CROP ROTATION: a method of farming where a number of different plants are grown one after the other on a field so that the soil stays healthy and fertile.

-INTENSIVE AGRICULTURE: a way of producing large amounts of crops, by using chemicals and machines.

-EXTENSIVE AGRICULTURE: farming that uses traditional methods and uses less labour and investment than more modern methods in order to farm fairly large areas of land.

-DRYLAND FARMING: a mode of farming, practiced in regions of slight or insufficient rainfall, which relies mainly on tillage methods rendering the soil more receptive of moisture and on the selection of suitable crops.

-IRRIGATED FARMING: farming based on the artificial distribution and application of water to arable land to initiate and maintain plant growth.

-POLYCULTURE the raising at the same time and place, of more than one species of plant or animal.

-MONOCULTURE: the use of land, for growing only one type of crop.

-GREENHOUSES: a building with transparent walls and roof, usually of glass, for the cultivation and exhibition of plants under controlled conditions.

-SUBSISTENCE AGRICULTURE: farming that provides enough food for the farmer and their family to live on, but not enough for them to sell.

 -SHIFTING CULTIVATION: a land use system in which a tract of land is cultivated until its fertility diminishes, when it is abandoned until this is restored naturally.  

-LIVESTOCK FARMING: rising of animals for use or for pleasure.

-HOUSED LIVESTOCK: animals are fed with fodder in farm buildings.

-CATTLE: cows that are kept, for their milk or meat.

-FODDER: food that is given to cows, horses, and other farm animals.

-REAR: the back of something.

-FISHING GROUNDS: an area in a body of water where fishes congregate.

-AQUACULTURE: the cultivation of freshwater and marine resources, both plant and animal, for human consumption or use.

-OVERFISHING: catching too many fish in an area of the sea so that there are not many fish left there.

-FLEETS: a group of ships or all of the ships in a country's navy.

 -SCHOOL OF FISH: a group of fish, which are together.